Anti-inflammatory activity of root bark and stem bark of Patala (Stereospermum suaveolens DC.)

Abstract

Background: Ayurveda, traditionally known as ‘The Science of Life’ represents one of the world’s oldest comprehensive medical systems. In the modern era, the increasing global demand of Ayurvedic medicines has led to a critical shortage of specific raw materials, frequently resulting in adulteration that may prove hazardous to public health. Consequently, there is an urgent need to establish “Abhava Pratinidhi Dravya” (Official substitutes) to ensure the continued efficacy and safety of traditional formulations while promoting environmental conservation. Aim: The primary objective of this research was to scientifically evaluate the pharmacological utility of the Stem bark of Stereospermum suaveolens DC. (Patala) as a viable substitute for its Root bark, which is the official part currently sanctioned by the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (API). Materials and Methods: The Study focused on evaluating the comparative anti-inflammatory activity of Kwatha (aqueous decoction) prepared from the standardized samples of both stem bark and root bark. The experimental protocol utilized the carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema model to assess the pharmacological response in vivo. Results: The Effect of % increase in paw volume in Control group experienced 90.16 ± 1.77. The group treated with Root bark Kwatha demonstrate significant inhibitory effect with an increase of only 62.37 ± 6.73*, while Stem bark Kwatha group showed a measurement of 82.85 ± 5.62. Conclusion: An apparent decrease in paw oedema was observed in both treatment groups compared to the control. While the Root bark exhibited superior potency, the stem bark demonstrated measurable anti-inflammatory activity, supporting its potential role as a sustainable alternative. However, this inference should be studied by clinical evaluation.