Toxicological Evaluation of Aargwadhadi Taila and its Ointment Formulation: An OECD-Guided Dermal Safety Study in Rats

Abstract

Background: Aargwadhadi Taila is a classical Ayurvedic medicated oil traditionally indicated for skin disorders such as Kushtha (skin diseases), Vicharchika (eczema), and Pama (scabies). Despite its widespread use, systematic evaluation of its dermal safety in accordance with modern toxicological protocols has been limited. Aim and Objective: To assess the acute and subacute dermal toxicity of Aargwadhadi Taila and its ointment formulation in Albino Wistar Rats following OECD guidelines. Methods: Acute dermal toxicity was evaluated as per OECD 402 and sub-acute (28-day) dermal toxicity as per OECD 410. Healthy Albino Wistar rats (n = 10 per group) received topical applications of Aargwadhadi Taila, a 2% ointment formulation, or vehicle. Clinical signs, mortality, body weight, haematological and biochemical parameters, and histopathology of the skin and vital organs (liver, kidney, heart, lungs, and spleen) were examined. Results: No mortality or toxicity signs were recorded. Body weight, haematological, and Biochemical values remained within normal limits (p > 0.05). Histopathology of skin and organs revealed no pathological alterations. Conclusion: Aaragwadhadi Taila and its ointment formulation were well tolerated and showed no acute or subacute dermal toxicity in Albino Wistar rats. These findings scientifically validate its traditional therapeutic safety and support its potential in clinical and cosmeceutical applications.