Morpho-anatomy, phytochemical and HPTLC profiling of Solanum pubescens Willd. and Solanum torvum Swartz. important medicinal plants used in Siddha System of Medicine

Authors

  • Shakila R Department of Chemistry, Siddha Central Research Institute (Central Council for Research in Siddha, Ministry of Ayush, Govt. of India), Anna Hospital Campus, Arumbakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
  • Saranya M Siddha Medicinal Plants Garden and Research Centre (Central Council for Research in Siddha, Ministry of Ayush, Govt. of India), Mettur Dam, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
  • Habeebmon KC Siddha Medicinal Plants Garden and Research Centre (Central Council for Research in Siddha, Ministry of Ayush, Govt. of India), Mettur Dam, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
  • Murugammal S Department of Chemistry, Siddha Central Research Institute (Central Council for Research in Siddha, Ministry of Ayush, Govt. of India), Anna Hospital Campus, Arumbakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
  • Radha P Siddha Medicinal Plants Garden and Research Centre (Central Council for Research in Siddha, Ministry of Ayush, Govt. of India), Mettur Dam, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
  • Rajesh C Siddha Medicinal Plants Garden and Research Centre (Central Council for Research in Siddha, Ministry of Ayush, Govt. of India), Mettur Dam, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v17i3.6684

Keywords:

Solanum pubescens, Micro-morphology, Physico-chemical analysis, Qualitative analysis, HPTLC Fingerprinting

Abstract

Background: Solanum pubescens Willd. and Solanum torvum Swartz are important medicinal plants extensively used in the Siddha system of medicine. Due to their therapeutic significance and the possibility of adulteration or substitution, reliable pharmacognostic and phytochemical characterization is essential for the accurate identification, quality assurance, and standardization. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate and compare the morpho-anatomical characteristics, phytochemical constituents, and High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) profiles of Solanum pubescens and Solanum torvum to establish diagnostic parameters for their authentication and quality evaluation. Methods: Fresh plant materials were collected and subjected to detailed macroscopic and microscopic examinations using standard pharmacognostic procedures. Anatomical studies included transverse sectioning and epidermal studies of leaf samples to identify diagnostic features. Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed to detect major classes of secondary metabolites. HPTLC fingerprinting was carried out using the solvent system toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (7:3:0.5, v/v/v), and chromatographic profiles were documented under UV light before and visible after derivatization to check characteristic phytochemicals. Results: Both species exhibited distinct morpho-anatomical features that enabled their differentiation. Microscopic examination revealed characteristic variations in trichome, distribution of collencyma, vascular bundle, calcium oxalate crystals, epidermal cells etc. HPTLC profiling generated fingerprint patterns with multiple characteristic bands and Rf values, demonstrating species-specific chemical profiles useful for authentication and quality control. Conclusion: The combined morpho-anatomical, phytochemical, and HPTLC investigations provide reliable diagnostic parameters for distinguishing Solanum pubescens Willd. and Solanum torvum Swartz. 

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Published

2026-09-30

How to Cite

R, S., M, S., KC , H., S, M., P, R., & C, R. (2026). Morpho-anatomy, phytochemical and HPTLC profiling of Solanum pubescens Willd. and Solanum torvum Swartz. important medicinal plants used in Siddha System of Medicine. International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 17(3), 767–773. https://doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v17i3.6684

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 3 (2026): July - September 2026

Section

Research Articles

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