Reconceptualizing Shukra Dhatu through Andrology, Endocrinology, and Cell Biology: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Background: As per Ayurveda, the human body is composed of seven Dhatus (tissues), among which Shukra Dhatu represents the final and most refined essence. It is regarded as the essence (Sara) of all preceding Dhatus and is primarily composed of Jala Mahabhuta. The principal function of Shukra Dhatu is Garbhotpadana (reproduction), which can be considered with modern concepts of reproductive hormones and cellular regeneration. Objective: To reinterpret the Ayurvedic concept of Shukra Dhatu through the perspectives of andrology, endocrinology and cell biology thereby providing an integrative understanding of its biological correlates and functional relevance in contemporary medical science. Methodology: This review was conducted through a comprehensive analysis of classical Ayurvedic literature, including the works of Acharya Sushruta, Charaka, and Vagbhata.  Relevant texts and scientific articles were critically examined to correlate traditional descriptions of Shukra Dhatu with physiological and endocrinological concepts in modern science. Results: Shukra Dhatu is present throughout the body, not confined solely to the reproductive organs. Acharya Sushruta and Vagbhata describes the existence of Stree Shukra (female counterpart), highlighting the universality of reproductive potential. Shukra also contributes to the formation of Ojas, the vital essence responsible for immunity, vitality, and overall well-being. The nourishment and replenishment of Shukra Dhatu through Rasayana and Vajikarana therapies demonstrate its role in tissue rejuvenation and sustained physiological balance Discussion: Shukra dhatu functions parallel to hormonal regulation, reproductive health, and systemic vitality. It governs reproductive capacity and systemic vitality, symbolizing cellular regeneration and neogenesis. Conclusion : Shukra dhatu can be understood as a concept that reflects reproductive health, hormonal balance, and body’s capacity for renewal and regeneration. Viewing shukradhatu through the perspectives of andrology , endocrinology and cell biology helps bridge classical Ayurvedic knowledge with contemporary scientific understanding.